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Design-based Research on the Development of Digital Game-Based Learning Materials Based on Motivation Theory: Taking Recycling as an Example

CHEN, SHIANG TING
National Taipei University of Education Graduate School of Curriculum and Instructional Communication Technology Student
Email:g111144005@grad.ntue.edu.tw

CHANG, HSUN LI
National Taipei University of Education Graduate School of Curriculum and Instructional Communication Technology Assistant Professor
Email:hsunli@mail.ntue.edu.tw

Abstract

Global waste is increasing rapidly, impacting ecology and human life. In response, Taiwan promotes environmental education aligned with the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, aiming to improve elementary students’ understanding and motivation toward recycling. However, studies show a lack of learning materials and low student engagement. This study adopts a design-based research method, integrating the ARCS motivation model and Digital Game-Based Learning theory to develop recycling materials. After literature review, interviews, and expert feedback, the materials were revised and tested. Results show high expert approval and student satisfaction, highlighting that life-relevant content, timely feedback, and well-balanced
difficulty enhance learning outcomes, which can provide reference for future related research or learning material construction.

Keywords: ARCS motivation model, Digital Game-Based Learning, recycling